Native American peoples inhabited the area at least as early as 11,000 B.C. It is the site of the Saint Rose Philippine Duchesne shrine. The city served as the first Missouri capital from 1821 to 1826. In 1804 the Lewis and Clark Expedition considered this settlement the last "civilized" stop before they headed upriver to explore the western territory that the United States acquired from France in the Louisiana Purchase. Charles was settled primarily by French-speaking colonists from Canada in its early days. It was the starting point of the Boone's Lick Road to the Boonslick. For a time, it played a significant role as a river port in the United States' westward expansion, including trade with Native American tribes on the upper Missouri River. Charles is the third-oldest city in Missouri. France had ceded its eastern territories to Great Britain. This former French area west of the Mississippi River was nominally ruled by Spain following France's defeat in the Seven Years' War. The city was founded circa 1769 as Les Petites CĂ´tes, or "The Little Hills" in French, by Louis Blanchette, a French-Canadian fur trader. Charles the 9th most populous city in Missouri. The population was 70,493 at the 2020 census, making St. Charles) is a city in, and the county seat of, St.
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